Transcription+and+Translation

Central Dogma of Cell Biology
-DNA to RNA to Protein -it is a circle that never ends and that has exponential growth

RNA Transcription
-Transcription is how DNA is copied into RNA to be sent to the ribosomes -Each gene is transcribed by an RNA polymerase -in RNA, thymine is replaced with uracil -When the RNA nucleotides are added during transcription they are linked together with covalent bonds. -The DNA strands close up by forming hydrogen bonds between complementary bases.  -occurs at the ribosomes -mRNA is read by the ribosomes in sets of 3 nucleotides called codon -ribosomes match the mRNA codon with a tRNA molecule and an amino acid is attached. -the amino acids join together to form a protein -tRNA brings the correct amino acid to the ribosomes and meets up with the mRNA -Within the RNA's codes are introns which are basically spacers which contain no information at all. The Introns are removed for translation.
 * RNA Translation**

Proteins
-there are 20 amino acids in proteins in all living organisms -are made in the ribosomes -after the amino acids are linked, they are folded up to create the protein